Dermanyssosis in the Urban Context: When the One Health Paradigm Is Put into Practice.

Poultry red mites (Dermanyssus gallinae) are primarily ectoparasites of laying hens but also parasitize synanthropic birds in urban contexts. This mite can occasionally attack mammals, including humans, and cause mild to severe dermatitis. Attacks by zoonotic Mesostigmata mites are currently an increasing but still neglected problem of urban life. The authors present two cases of dermanyssosis involving two health workers at a hospital, linked to air conditioning outdoor units colonized by pigeons. Videos that describe the environmental contamination by D. gallinae and show where the infestation originated are presented. In addition, the authors update the literature of all urban cases, which, to date, reports over 240 clinical cases, mostly in private homes but also in public buildings. Dermatitis due to these mites is often unrecognized and, therefore, misdiagnosed. This report describes how the two cases herein reported were rapidly resolved thanks to the close cooperation between veterinary parasitologists and allergologists. It is crucial to raise awareness of the problem among general practitioners and specialists. In addition, the authors suggest a reconsideration of urban architectural choices that increase the public health risk posed by dermanyssosis and other diseases related to synanthropic birds.

Expanding the Focus of Occupational Safety and Health: Lessons from a Series of Linked Scientific Meetings.

There is widespread recognition that the world of work is changing, and agreement is growing that the occupational safety and health (OSH) field must change to contribute to the protection of workers now and in the future. Discourse on the evolution of OSH has been active for many decades, but formalized support of an expanded focus for OSH has greatly increased over the past 20 years. Development of approaches such as the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)'s Total Worker Health® concept and the World Health Organization (WHO)'s Healthy Workplace Framework are concrete examples of how OSH can incorporate a new focus with a wider view. In 2019, NIOSH initiated a multi-year effort to explore an expanded focus for OSH. This paper is a report on the outputs of a three-year cooperative agreement between NIOSH and The University of Texas School of Public Health, which led to subject matter expert workshops in 2020 and an international conference of global interest groups in 2021. This article traces the background of these meetings and identifies and assesses the lessons learned. It also reviews ten thematic topics that emerged from the meetings: worker health inequalities; training new OSH professionals; future OSH research and practice; tools to measure well-being of workers; psychosocial hazards and adverse mental health effects; skilling, upskilling and improving job quality; socioeconomic influences; climate change; COVID-19 pandemic influences; and strategic foresight. Cross-cutting these themes is the need for systems and transdisciplinary thinking and operationalization of the concept of well-being to prepare the OSH field for the work of the future.

How Will the Future of Work Shape OSH Research and Practice? A Workshop Summary.

Growth of the information economy and globalization of labor markets will be marked by exponential growth in emerging technologies that will cause considerable disruption of the social and economic sectors that drive the global job market. These disruptions will alter the way we work, where we work, and will be further affected by the changing demographic characteristics and level of training of the available workforce. These changes will likely result in scenarios where existing workplace hazards are exacerbated and new hazards with unknown health effects are created. The pace of these changes heralds an urgent need for a proactive approach to understand the potential effects new and emerging workplace hazards will have on worker health, safety, and well-being. As employers increasingly rely on non-standard work arrangements, research is needed to better understand the work organization and employment models that best support decent work and improved worker health, safety, and well-being. This need has been made more acute by the SARS-CoV-2 global pandemic that has resulted in dramatic changes in employment patterns, millions of lost jobs, an erosion of many economic sectors, and widespread disparities which further challenge occupational safety and health (OSH) systems to ensure a healthy and productive workplace. To help identify new research approaches to address OSH challenges in the future, a virtual workshop was organized in June 2020 with leading experts in the fields of OSH, well-being, research methods, mental health, economics, and life-course analysis. A paradigm shift will be needed for OSH research in the future of work that embraces key stakeholders and thinks differently about research that will improve lives of workers and enhance enterprise success. A more transdisciplinary approach to research will be needed that integrates the skills of traditional and non-traditional OSH research disciplines, as well as broader research methods that support the transdisciplinary character of an expanded OSH paradigm. This article provides a summary of the presentations, discussion, and recommendations that will inform the agenda of the Expanded Focus for Occupational Safety and Health (Ex4OSH) International Conference, planned for December 2021.

How Will the Future of Work Shape the OSH Professional of the Future? A Workshop Summary.

Rapid and profound changes anticipated in the future of work will have significant implications for the education and training of occupational safety and health (OSH) professionals and the workforce. As the nature of the workplace, work, and the workforce change, the OSH field must expand its focus to include existing and new hazards (some yet unknown), consider how to protect the health and well-being of a diverse workforce, and understand and mitigate the safety implications of new work arrangements. Preparing for these changes is critical to developing proactive systems that can protect workers, prevent injury and illness, and promote worker well-being. An in-person workshop held on February 3-4, 2020 at The University of Texas Health Science Center (UTHealth) School of Public Health in Houston, Texas, USA, examined some of the challenges and opportunities OSH education will face in both academic and industry settings. The onslaught of the COVID-19 global pandemic reached the United States one month after this workshop and greatly accelerated the pace of change. This article summarizes presentations from national experts and thought leaders across the spectrum of OSH and professionals in the fields of strategic foresight, systems thinking, and industry, and provides recommendations for the field.

A Ground-Up Model for Gun Violence Reduction: A Community-Based Public Health Approach.

The suggested strategy for the reduction of violence is to collaboratively address the problem, based on an intervention system focused on prevention, rehabilitation, and development. This strategy is capable of engaging community residents in positive ways, and it empowers them to take ownership and sustain much-needed resident commitments to achieve long-term public safety. The community residents largely insist that over-reliance on law enforcement to control violence invites further affliction among Black youth and adults.

Naturologia, Transdisciplinaridade e Transracionalidade / Naturology, Transdisciplinarity and Transrationality

A crescente especialização que se estabelece na área da saúde é fruto de uma cosmologia cartesiana e materialista onde não há espaço para o Doente, somente para a Doença. Desta crise surge a naturologia, profissão da área da saúde que busca o cuidado integral ao ser humano. A naturologia insere sua contribuição revendo as bases conceituais, inserindo elementos como o resgate de técnicas tradicionais e a construção de um pensamento que possibilite uma atuação diferenciada em saúde. Este artigo visa explorar conceitos emergentes relacionado à transdisciplinaridade e ao diálogo entre racionalidades médicas especialmente no contexto do naturólogo e seu papel de atuação dentro de uma equipe de saúde transdisciplinar.(AU)

The growing specializing that is estabilishing is the result of a cartesian and materialistic cosmology, no place for the patient, only for the disease. From this crisis emerges Naturology, health care profession that seeks the integral care for humans. This Naturology inserts his contribution reviewing the conceptual bases, inserting elements, such as the rescue of traditional, and the construction of a thought that makes possible a differentiated operation in health. This article aims to explore concepts related to emerging transdisciplinary paradigm and dialogue between te medical rationalities, especially in the context of Naturology, and his role working within a multidisciplinary team of health.(AU)

La enfermedad de Chagas como un rezago social en salud / Chagasïs disease as a social remainder in health care

La enfermedad de Chagas constituye un problema de salud característico de zonas rurales y suburbanas, muy ligado a la pobreza. Su solución requiere de políticas y estrategias que erradiquen su presencia en los países afectados. En el Estado de Tabasco, México, aún persiste esta enfermedad, lo que constituye un estigma social. Es por ello que se realizó una valoración de sus factores determinantes, su trascendencia como rezago social y de salud y las implicaciones bioéticas que surgen de la actuación de los servicios de salud hacia la población que la padece. El presente trabajo es resultado de una revisión documental donde se muestra cómo esa enfermedad necesita urgentemente un abordaje desde el paradigma médico-social, que propicie su análisis desde la perspectiva multi e interdisciplinaria para desarrollar su prevención integral, desde el diagnóstico hasta la rehabilitación, en las dimensiones individual y colectiva, con énfasis en la promoción y protección de la población. Se indica la necesidad de rediseñar las organizaciones de salud, hacerlas más funcionales, eficientes y eficaces de forma tal que armonicen con los principios éticos, los valores y los intereses de la población, donde estén presentes el compromiso y la acción para erradicar la enfermedad en el Estado de Tabasco

Chagasï disease is a health problem inherent to the rural and suburban areas and very much linked to poverty. The implementation of policies and strategies that eradicate its presence in the affected countries will solve this problem. In Tabasco, Mexico, this disease still persists as a social stigma. This is the reason why the determining factors of the disease, its significance as a social remainder in health and the bioethical implications stemming from the performance of the health services in relation to the affected population were all assessed in this paper. This paper resulted from a documentary review which showed how this disease needs to be urgently addressed from a social and medical paradigm. The latter will allow analyzing the disease from a multi-and interdisciplinary perspective in order to develop comprehensive prevention ranging from diagnosis to rehabilitation, both individually and collectively, with emphasis on the specific protection of the population. Also, the need of redesigning the health organizations to turn them into more functional, efficient and effective bodies were emphasized, so that they take into account the ethical principles, the values and the interests of the population and reflect the commitment and the actions to eradicate this disease in Tabasco

La enfermedad de Chagas como un rezago social en salud / Chagasïs disease as a social remainder in health care

La enfermedad de Chagas constituye un problema de salud característico de zonas rurales y suburbanas, muy ligado a la pobreza. Su solución requiere de políticas y estrategias que erradiquen su presencia en los países afectados. En el Estado de Tabasco, México, aún persiste esta enfermedad, lo que constituye un estigma social. Es por ello que se realizó una valoración de sus factores determinantes, su trascendencia como rezago social y de salud y las implicaciones bioéticas que surgen de la actuación de los servicios de salud hacia la población que la padece. El presente trabajo es resultado de una revisión documental donde se muestra cómo esa enfermedad necesita urgentemente un abordaje desde el paradigma médico-social, que propicie su análisis desde la perspectiva multi e interdisciplinaria para desarrollar su prevención integral, desde el diagnóstico hasta la rehabilitación, en las dimensiones individual y colectiva, con énfasis en la promoción y protección de la población. Se indica la necesidad de rediseñar las organizaciones de salud, hacerlas más funcionales, eficientes y eficaces de forma tal que armonicen con los principios éticos, los valores y los intereses de la población, donde estén presentes el compromiso y la acción para erradicar la enfermedad en el Estado de Tabasco(AU)

Chagasï disease is a health problem inherent to the rural and suburban areas and very much linked to poverty. The implementation of policies and strategies that eradicate its presence in the affected countries will solve this problem. In Tabasco, Mexico, this disease still persists as a social stigma. This is the reason why the determining factors of the disease, its significance as a social remainder in health and the bioethical implications stemming from the performance of the health services in relation to the affected population were all assessed in this paper. This paper resulted from a documentary review which showed how this disease needs to be urgently addressed from a social and medical paradigm. The latter will allow analyzing the disease from a multi-and interdisciplinary perspective in order to develop comprehensive prevention ranging from diagnosis to rehabilitation, both individually and collectively, with emphasis on the specific protection of the population. Also, the need of redesigning the health organizations to turn them into more functional, efficient and effective bodies were emphasized, so that they take into account the ethical principles, the values and the interests of the population and reflect the commitment and the actions to eradicate this disease in Tabasco(AU)